Small trees to shrubs. Buttresses absent. Spines absent. Stilt roots absent. Bark red, brown; not peeling in strips. Exudate present; white; flowing; not blackening on exposure to air. Terminal buds not enclosed by leaves.
Complex hairs absent. Stinging hairs absent. Mature twig indumentum absent.
Leaves spiral; not scale-like; simple; all of the same type; not modified into spines; coriaceous; not gland-dotted; symmetric at the base; not dissected; smooth margined. Epidermis not waxy. Venation pinnate. Secondary veins open, or closed; not prominent, but visible. Smallest veins not prominent, but visible to not visible; net like. Intramarginal vein present to absent. Stalk of blade less than a quarter the length of the blade to a quarter to one half the length of the blade; not winged; attached to base of leaf blade; not swollen. Stipules present; free from one another; laterally placed; not encircling the twig; scale-like; not fringed; small; not persistent. Domatia absent. Basal glands absent. Hairs on mature leaf absent.
Inflorescences present; axillary; the flowers from a single point on the stem; specialized inflorescence units absent; numerous and persistent inflorescence bracts absent. Flowers bisexual; stalked; about 0.5 cm long or across to to about 3 cm long or across; round; with male or female parts not raised on a column. Hypanthium absent. Disk absent. Perianth present; with distinct calyx and corolla whorls. Sepals 6 (3+3 arrangement); free; persistent in fruit; not growing any further after flowering. Epicalyx absent. Petals present; 6; all joined; not fleshy; deciduous; not stalked; entire. Stamens 6; filaments present; free of each other; joined to the perianth; all equal in size; isomerous; alternating with the sepals (when isomerous). Anthers 2 loculed; attached along the side to attached by the base; not awned; dehiscing by long slits. Ovary superior. Carpels joined. Locules 6-14. Styles solitary. Stigmas 1 lobed; not distinctive. Fruit berry-like; fleshy; not multiple; not splitting; not enclosed in, or sitting on, fleshy perianth parts; wingless. Seeds 1-6 per fruit; about 1 cm long; wingless; uniform in cross-section; aril absent; endospermic.
Secondary veins close together and tertiary veins densely reticulate; petals with large appendages. Taxon images: manilkar.gif
Cite this publication as: Jarvie, J.K. and
Ermayanti (1996 onwards). `Tree Genera of Borneo – Descriptions and
Illustrations’ URL
http://django.harvard.edu/users/jjarvie/Borneo.htm/.
Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz,
Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.
